Dec 28th, 2021 - Daily Quiz
1. Consider the following Statements regarding DART Mission
1. The mission is to test the new technology to be prepared in case an exo-planet head towards Earth in the future.
2. The aim is to test the newly developed technology that would allow a spacecraft to crash into an asteroid and change its course.
3. It is a suicide mission and the spacecraft will be completely destroyed.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 Only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2. Consider the following Statements:
1. A disturbed area is one which is declared by notification under Section 3 of the AFSPA.
2. An area can be disturbed due to differences or disputes between members of different religious, racial, language or regional groups or castes or communities.
3. The Central Government, or the Governor of the State or administrator of the Union Territory can declare the whole or part of the State or Union Territory as a disturbed area.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 Only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
3. Consider the following Statements
1.The Golan Heights is a rocky plateau on the border between Israel and Syria in south-western Syria.
2. India has never called for the return of Golan Heights to Syria.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 Only
(b) 2 Only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
4.Consider the following Statements:
1. Anti-dumping duty is a protectionist tariff that a domestic government imposes on foreign imports that it believes are priced below fair market value.
2. In the long-term, anti-dumping duties can reduce the international competition of domestic companies producing similar goods.
3. The use of anti-dumping measures as an instrument of fair competition is not permitted by the World Trade Organisation.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
5.Consider the following Statements regarding Madan Mohan Malviya
1. He participated in Salt Satyagraha and the Civil Disobedience Movement.
2. He was given the title of ‘Mahamana’ by Mahatma Gandhi.
3. He opposed the caste system.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answers
1.(b)
The mission is to test the new technology to be prepared in case an asteroid head towards Earth in the future.
The aim is to test the newly developed technology that would allow a spacecraft to crash into an asteroid and change its course.
After the mission has collided with the asteroid, scientists will study its impact on the trajectory of the asteroid with a range of telescopes deployed on different regions of the planet.
DART will be the first demonstration of the kinetic impactor technique to change the motion of an asteroid in space.
The target of the spacecraft is a small moonlet called Dimorphos (Greek for “two forms”).
Dimorphos orbits a larger asteroid named Didymos (Greek for “twin”).
Statement 3 is correct: It is a suicide mission and the spacecraft will be completely destroyed.
The collision is expected to take place between 26th September and 1st October, 2022.
DART is a low-cost spacecraft.
It has two solar arrays and uses hydrazine propellant for maneuvering the spacecraft.
It also carries about 10 kg of xenon which will be used to demonstrate the agency’s new thrusters called NASA Evolutionary Xenon Thruster–Commercial (NEXT-C) in space.
NEXT-C gridded ion thruster system provides a combination of performance and spacecraft integration capabilities that make it uniquely suited for deep space robotic missions.
The spacecraft carries a high-resolution imager called Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical Navigation (DRACO).
Images from DRACO will be sent to Earth in real-time and will help study the impact site and surface of Dimorphos (the target asteroid).
DART will also carry a small satellite or CubeSat named LICIACube (Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroids).
LICIACube is expected to capture images of the impact and the impact crater formed as a result of the collision.
Didymos is a perfect system for the test mission because it is an eclipsing binary which means it has a moonlet that regularly orbits the asteroid and which can be seen when it passes in front of the main asteroid.
Earth-based telescopes can study this variation in brightness to understand how long it takes Dimorphos to orbit Didymos.
2.(d)
A disturbed area is one which is declared by notification under Section 3 of the AFSPA.
An area can be disturbed due to differences or disputes between members of different religious, racial, language or regional groups or castes or communities.
The Central Government, or the Governor of the State or administrator of the Union Territory can declare the whole or part of the State or Union Territory as a disturbed area.
In simple terms, AFSPA gives armed forces the power to maintain public order in “disturbed areas”.
Powers given to armed forces:
They have the authority to prohibit a gathering of five or more persons in an area, can use force or even open fire after giving due warning if they feel a person is in contravention of the law.
If reasonable suspicion exists, the army can also arrest a person without a warrant; enter or search premises without a warrant; and ban the possession of firearms.
Any person arrested or taken into custody may be handed over to the officer in charge of the nearest police station along with a report detailing the circumstances that led to the arrest.
3.(c)
The Golan Heights is a rocky plateau with an area of 1,800km⊃2; on the border between Israel and Syria in south-western Syria.
India has not recognized Golan heights as Israel territory and has called for the return of Golan Heights to Syria.
The Golan Heights were captured by Israel from Syria in the 1967 conflict and annexed in 1981 — a move not recognized internationally.
International Recognition of Golan Heights:
The European Union said its position on the status of the Golan Heights was unchanged and it did not recognize Israeli sovereignty over the area.
The Arab League, which suspended Syria in 2011 after the start of its civil war has said the move is “completely beyond international law”.
Egypt, which made peace with Israel in 1979, said it still considers the Golan as occupied Syrian territory.
India has also not recognized Golan heights as Israel territory and has called for the return of Golan Heights to Syria.
In 2019, U.S. President Donald Trump has announced that the US may recognize Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights.
4.(a)
Anti-dumping duty is a protectionist tariff that a domestic government imposes on foreign imports that it believes are priced below fair market value.
In the long-term, anti-dumping duties can reduce the international competition of domestic companies producing similar goods.
The use of anti-dumping measures as an instrument of fair competition is not permitted by the World Trade Organisation.
Dumping:
Dumping is said to occur when the goods are exported by a country to another country at a price lower than the price it normally charges in its own home market.
This is an unfair trade practice which can have a distortive effect on international trade.
Objective of Anti-Dumping Duty (ADD):
Imposition of Anti-dumping duty is a measure to rectify the situation arising out of the dumping of goods and its trade distortive effect.
In the long-term, anti-dumping duties can reduce the international competition of domestic companies producing similar goods.
It is a protectionist tariff that a domestic government imposes on foreign imports that it believes are priced below fair market value.
The use of anti-dumping measures as an instrument of fair competition is permitted by the World Trade Organisation.
Different from Countervailing Duties:
ADD is a customs duty on imports providing a protection against the dumping of goods at prices substantially lower than the normal value whereas Countervailing duty is a customs duty on goods that have received government subsidies in the originating or exporting country.
WTO's Provisions Related to Anti-Dumping Duty:
Validity: An anti-dumping duty is valid for a period of five years from the date of imposition unless revoked earlier.
Sunset Review: It can be extended for a further period of five years through a sunset or expiry review investigation.
A Sunset review/ expiry review is an evaluation of the need for the continued existence of a program or an agency. It allows for an assessment of the effectiveness and performance of the program or agency.
Such a review can be initiated suo moto or on the basis of a duly substantiated request received from or on behalf of the domestic industry.
5.(a) - https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/who-was-pandit-madan-mohan-malaviya-freedom-fighter-and-educationist-6184723
https://therealkashmir.com/mahamana-malviya-was-the-conductor-of-social-harmony/
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