Dec 29th, 2021 - Daily Quiz
1. Consider the following Statements w.r.t. Aurobindo Ghosh
1. He published a magazine Arya.
2. He wrote a poem named ‘Savitri’.
3. He edited newspaper named Bande Mataram..
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2. Consider the following Statements regarding Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
1. The JCPOA is between Iran and P5+1.
2. Under the deal, Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy-water, all key components for nuclear weapons.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 Only
(b) 2 Only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
3. Consider the following Statements:
1. The EAST Project is part of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) facility.
2. The ITER project includes the contributions of India, South Korea, Japan, Russia and the United States
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?.
(a) 1 Only
(b) 2 Only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
4. Consider the following Statements regarding the sixth schedule:
1. The Autonomous districts created under sixth schedule fall under the executive authority of state.
2. Only president can increase or decrease the area of autonomous districts under sixth schedule.
3. The district and regional councils in these regions are empowered to assess and collect land revenue.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
5.Who was Variyankunna Kunjahammed Haji in Indian History?
(a) Leader of the Malabar Rebellion
(b) Leader of the Gonds Rebellion
(c) Leader of the Mir Rebellion
(d) Leader of the Kamrups Rebellion
Answers
1. (d)
Sri Aurobindo Ghose born 15 August 1872 in calcutta and died 5 December 1950 in Pondicherry.
He was an Indian social political and spiritual philosopher, yoga guru, maharishi, poet, revolutionary leader and Indian nationalist ideolouge.
He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as Bande Mataram.
He joined the Indian movement for independence from British colonial rule, until 1910 was one of its influential leaders and then became a spiritual reformer, introducing his visions on human progress and spiritual evolution.
Aurobindo studied for the Indian Civil Service at King’s College, Cambridge, England.
After returning to India he took up various civil service works under the Maharaja of the Princely state of Baroda and became increasingly involved in nationalist politics in the Indian National Congress and the nascent revolutionary movement in Bengal with the Anushilan Samiti.
He was arrested in the aftermath of a number of bombings linked to his organization in a public trial where he faced charges of treason for Alipore Conspiracy. However Sri Aurobindo could only be convicted and imprisoned for writing articles against British colonial rule in India. He was released when no evidence could be provided, following the murder of a prosecution witness, Narendranath Goswami, during the trial. During his stay in the jail, he had mystical and spiritual experiences, after which he moved to Pondicherry, leaving politics for spiritual work.
At Pondicherry, Sri Aurobindo developed a spiritual practice he called Integral Yoga.
The central theme of his vision was the evolution of human life into a divine life in divine body.
He believed in a spiritual realisation that not only liberated but transformed human nature, enabling a divine life on earth. In 1926, with the help of his spiritual collaborator, Mirra Alfassa (referred to as “The Mother”), Sri Aurobindo Ashram was founded.
His main literary works are
The Life Divine, which deals with the philosophical aspect of Integral Yoga;
Synthesis of Yoga, which deals with the principles and methods of Integral Yoga; and
Savitri: A Legend and a Symbol, an epic poem.
2.(c)
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU).
Under the deal, Tehran agreed to significantly cut its stores of centrifuges, enriched uranium and heavy-water, all key components for nuclear weapons.
What’s the concern now?
Trump pulled the U.S. out of the accord in 2018. Besides, he opted for a “maximum pressure” campaign by imposing sanctions and other tough actions.
Iran responded by intensifying its enrichment of uranium and building of centrifuges, while maintaining its insistence that its nuclear development was for civilian and not military purposes.
Again, In January 2020, following the drone strike on Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander Gen. Qasem Soleiman, Iran announced that it would no longer observe the JCPOA’s restraints.
The collapse of the JCPOA drags Iran towards nuclear brinkmanship, like North Korea, which has created major geopolitical instability in the region and beyond.
Significance of the deal for India:
Removing sanctions may revive India’s interest in the Chabahar port, Bandar Abbas port, and other plans for regional connectivity.
This would further help India to neutralize the Chinese presence in Gwadar port, Pakistan.
Restoration of ties between the US and Iran will help India to procure cheap Iranian oil and aid in energy security.
3.(c)
The artificial Sun experiment is being developed through a reactor, with the help of nuclear fusion.
The mission mimics the energy generation process of the sun.
The reactor consists of an advanced nuclear fusion experimental research device located in Hefei, China.
It is one of three major domestic tokamaks that are presently being operated across the country.
The EAST project is part of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) facility, which will become the world’s largest nuclear fusion reactor when it becomes operational in 2035.
The ITER project includes the contributions of several countries, including India, South Korea, Japan, Russia and the United States.
How does the ‘artificial sun’ EAST work?
It replicates the nuclear fusion process carried out by the sun and stars.
For nuclear fusion to occur, tremendous heat and pressure are applied on hydrogen atoms so that they fuse together.
The nuclei of deuterium and tritium — both found in hydrogen — are made to fuse together to create a helium nucleus, a neutron along with a whole lot of energy.
Here, fuel is heated to temperatures of over 150 million degrees C so that it forms a hot plasma “soup” of subatomic particles.
With the help of a strong magnetic field, the plasma is kept away from the walls of the reactor to ensure it does not cool down and lose its potential to generate large amounts of energy. The plasma is confined for long durations for fusion to take place.
4.(a)
The autonomous district created under sixth schedule fall under the executive authority of state.
The Governor is empowered to increase or decrease area of autonomous district.
The district and regional councils are empowered to assess and collect land revenue and to impose certain specified taxes.
Sixth Schedule
The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the administration of the tribal areas in the four north-eastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram as per Article 244.
The Governor is empowered to increase or decrease the areas or change the names of the autonomous districts. While executive powers of the Union extend in Scheduled areas with respect to their administration in Vth schedule, the VIth schedule areas remain within executive authority of the state.
The acts of Parliament or the state legislature do not apply to autonomous districts and autonomous regions or apply with specified modifications and exceptions.
The Councils have also been endowed with wide civil and criminal judicial powers, for example establishing village courts etc. However, the jurisdiction of these councils is subject to the jurisdiction of the concerned High Court.
The sixth schedule to the Constitution includes 10 autonomous district councils in 4 states. These are:
Assam: Bodoland Territorial Council, Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council and Dima Hasao Autonomous District Council.
Meghalaya:Garo Hills Autonomous District Council, Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council and Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council.
Tripura: Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council.
Mizoram: Chakma Autonomous District Council, Lai Autonomous District Council, Mara Autonomous District Council.
5.(a)
Variyankunna Kunjahammed Haji
He was one of the leaders of the Malabar Rebellion of 1921.
He raised 75000 natives, seized control of large territory from the British rule and set up a parallel government.
In January 1922, under the guise of a treaty, the British betrayed Haji through his close friend Unyan Musaliyar, arresting him from his hideout and producing him before a British judge.
He was sentenced to death along with his compatriots.
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