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“Nothing is going to move within the WTO negotiations unless India is on board.” Discuss the main reasons behind India’s increased clout in the WTO. 10 Marks (UPSC CSE Mains 2024- Political Science and International Relations, Paper 2).
India was one of the 23 original signatories to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) concluded in 1947. When GATT’s successor, the World Trade Organisation (WTO), was formed in 1995, India became a founding member, and in the Doha WTO conference that took place in 2001, India emerged as the most outspoken advocates for the developing bloc.
India is one of the primary players responsible for power shifts in the WTO in recent years. It played a significant role in building developing country coalitions, such as the G20 and the G33.
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India has also been leading efforts to reform WTO subsidy rules to enable developing countries to engage in public food stockholding for food security purposes. It also calls for making the multilateral trading system more fair and inclusive.
With other emerging powers such as Brazil and China, India led the developing countries in securing some significant special and differential treatment (SDT) provisions.
While India continues to advocate for developing and least-developed countries, it has softened its stance on a number of issues. India, for example, backed the first-ever multilateral trade facilitation agreement at the Bali Ministerial Conference in 2013.
India has been asking for a more equitable and inclusive multilateral trading system. In this context, India and South Africa filed a proposal to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) that called for development-oriented changes. The proposal also emphasised the growing trade tensions and the need to modernise the WTO’s dispute resolution structure. India, on the other hand, is opposed to modifying the WTO’s consensus-driven nature, which could be detrimental to the country’s interests.
POSTED ON 08-04-2025 BY ADMIN
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