What is globalisation ? Why is there an intense debate about globalisation and its consequences?. (UPSC CSE Mains 2021 - Political Science and International Relations, Paper 2)
Globalisation envisages a borderless world or seeks the world as a global village. It may be attributed by the accelerated flow of goods, people, capital, information, and energy across borders, often enabled by technological developments.
Intense debate about Globalisation is there because
Increasing Inequality
- The general complaint about globalization is that it has made the rich richer while making the poor poorer.
- The UN Development Program reportsthat the richest 20% of the world''s population consume 86% of the world''s resources while the rest 80% consume just 14 percent.
Malpractices of MNCs
- Multinational corporations (MNCs) are accused of social injustice, unfair working conditions (including slave labour wages, living and working conditions), as well as lack of concern for the environment, mismanagement of natural resources, and ecological damage.
- Also, Multinational corporations, which were previously restricted to commercial activities, are increasingly influencing political decisions.
- Many think there is a threat of corporations ruling the world because they are gaining power, due to globalization.
Fail to Contribute Towards Desired Gains
- The argument that globalization has helped people in developing most of the countries out of poverty is somehow controversial. Because the opinions differ as to the quantity and the quality of the jobs being offered by globalization.
Contribute Towards Cultural Homogeneity
- Globalisation promotes people''s tastes to converge which may lead to more cultural homogeneity.
- Due to this, there is a danger of losing precious cultural practices and languages.
- Also, there are threats of cultural invasion of one country over another.
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