Which region is known as the 'Orchard of the World?. Why?.
Mediterranean is the region surrounding the Mediterranean sea. The region encompasses countries from continents of Africa, Europe, North America and Asia. The unique climate and topography has allowed Mediterranean to develop an economy different from other climatic regions. This includes orchard farming and highland ranching.
Factors influencing orchard and wine cultivation in Mediterranean
- Temperature
The temperature in Mediterranean region is on the hotter side in comparison to other European region. There is constant temperature of 30-35 degree Celsius that is suitable for growth of crops such as grapes, citrus fruits and olives.
- Rainfall
Mediterranean region fall under the influence of onshore westerlies. They experience majority of rainfall in winter months. This rainfall is very important for nurturing crops such as grapes. It also helps in ripening of citrus fruits.
- Market demand
The annual consumption of olive oil, wine and alcoholic beverages is consistently high in regions surrounding Mediterranean region. Italy, France, Spain and Greece comprises of the major markets for sale of Mediterranean products.
- Soil conditions
Due to dry and hot conditions and distributed moisture, the soil topography is deficient of nutrients such as phosphate and nitrogen. There is increased calcium concentration. It has forced people to pursue variety of suitable crops.
Hence, the Mediterranean region is called orchard of the world due to presence of orchard farming. The economy of the region is excessively dependent on orchards and tourism.
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