1. Clearly the development of a nation 1s intimately linked with understanding and application of science and technology by its people. It has sometimes been argued that the application of technology by itself can contribute to growth. This is certainly true as an abstract proposition, but fails in practice. Witness the state of development and social structure of countries of the Middle East, where for decades resources of oil have been exploited with the most sophisticated technology. History has demonstrated that the real social and economic fruits of technology go to those who apply them through understanding. Therefore, a significant number of citizens of every developing country must understand the ways of modern science and of the technology that flows from it.
With reference to the above passage, which of the following can be inferred?