Preliminary exam General Studies July 27, 2024

1. Consider the following statements regarding the social and religious reform movements in India during the 19th and early 20th centuries:

  1. The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Rammohan Roy with the primary aim of promoting scientific education among the masses.
  2. The Arya Samaj, established by Swami Dayananda Saraswati, aimed at the reformation of Hindu society by advocating a return to the Vedas.
  3. The Theosophical Society, under the leadership of Annie Besant, focused exclusively on the spiritual upliftment of the masses and did not involve itself in political activities.
  4. The Aligarh Movement, spearheaded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, sought to modernize the Muslim community through Western-style education and loyalty to the British crown.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?