According to K. Santhanam, a prominent southern member of the Assembly, there were three revolutions at that time, the Political, Social and Economic revolution The political revolution would end with independence, which happened on 15th of August 1947. The social revolution meant to get India out of medievalism based on birth, religion, custom, and community and reconstruct her social structure on modern foundations of law, individual merit , and secular education . The third revolution was an economic one, which was the transition from primitive rural economy to scientific and planned agriculture and industry.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar mentioned about 3 major threats or hindrances. They were —

• social and economic inequalities
• the use of the unconstitutional method
• hero-worship

He mentions the aforementioned threats in his speech — “Grammar Of Anarchy”. Nevertheless, he argues that A Constitution, if given in right hands, can create a revolutionary wave in society.

Albeit the Indian Constitution surviving the test of time has shown its adaptability, flexibility, and dynamism. Hence, the Constitution, a doctrine for good governance, can create social revolutions in the society that would benefit not only a particular section of the society but society as a whole, despite its unintended consequences. Quoting BR Ambedkar, “Political Democracy cannot last unless there lies at the base of its social democracy.” Hence, the Constitution, along with delineating the powers to the three pillars can create Social Revolutions in a society.

The core commitment of the social revolution lies in PARTS III and IV, that is the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy respectively. They give strength to the pursuit of the social Revolution in India. A clear picture of social revolution can be seen in the directive principles. They aim at making the Indian people free in the positive sense that is to free from the abject misery and physical conditions that had prevented them from fulfilling their best of needs. With the coming of the constitution, several socialistic measures have been taken to reduce poverty, ignorance, inequality and to increase the standard of living, educational and health facilities.

Due to a social change or rather a revolution; there has been a complete abolition of the Zamindari system and the tenant system. According to the constitution, “land to the tiller” concept was established. India has adhered to the word Republic, by reserving the highest office of the state to the President. Universal Franchise or adult suffrage was granted which has revolutionized the concept of voting, where people who are above 18 can vote, irrespective of caste, creed, gender, etc. This acts as proof to the democratic structure. The concepts of liberty, equality, fraternity, justice have an implication on a broader level.

The constitution has guaranteed fundamental rights to its citizens by backing it with an integrated as well as independent judiciary system — courts. The practice of Untouchability is considered a crime under the purview of the constitution. Human Trafficking and forced labor have been declared unlawful and a punishable offense. The intended consequences of the Constitution included Free and compulsory education through the Right to Education Act, Right to work through the MGNREGA, Rights to Information Act, Lokpal, etc.

In The Constitution, Article 368(1) approves amendments in certain circumstances. Due to this provision, several Amendments have brought major social Revolutions in society. The concept of reservation for the SC, ST and OBC’S was implemented by the constitution to enhance egalitarian society, however, general categories are expressing dissent by questioning the concept of equality. There are also contradictory statements in the Constitution which are unintended. For instance, Article 19, talks about freedom of speech and expression but the clause (2) in Article 19 puts a limit on the freedom of speech. Predicting the uncertainty, unintended consequences and void that would be created due to the implementation of Constitution.

It underlines that the road to social revolution has been marked by a process where attempts to give effect to the idea of justice—social, economic, and political—as laid down in the Preamble have achieved a measure of success. If the Constitution, including the Preamble, is to be viewed as a contract that the people of India had entered into with the political leadership of the times and the judiciary being the arbitrator to ensure justice, it may be held that the scheme has worked.