1. The Summit of the Future (September 22-23, 2024)

The Summit of the Future will be a pivotal event in global diplomacy and the international regulation of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Hosted by the United Nations, the summit will focus on advancing the Global Digital Compact (GDC), a framework aimed at:

• Bridging the digital divide.
• Promoting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Ensuring a secure and inclusive digital environment.
• Strengthening the international governance of emerging technologies like AI, aligning them with fundamental rights and values.

2. Geopolitical Contestation in AI Governance

Parallel to the GDC, recent UN General Assembly resolutions on AI highlight growing geopolitical tensions:

• S.-Led Resolution: Focuses on ''Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI for Sustainable Development''. It advocates for a harmonized approach to AI governance, promoting shared ethical principles, data protection, and transparency. This resolution aims to assert U.S. dominance in AI technology and global development standards.
• China-Led Resolution: Emphasizes ''Enhancing Cooperation on Capacity Building of AI''. It prioritizes equitable benefits, bridging the digital divide, and promoting an open business environment, positioning China as a significant player in global trade and technology standards.

These resolutions underscore the geopolitical contestation between the U.S. and China, influencing the direction of international AI governance.

3. India''s Diplomatic and Historical Context

India''s historical and diplomatic engagement provides a strong foundation for influencing AI governance:

• Climate Negotiations: India has championed Global South interests in climate negotiations, advocating for equity and differentiated responsibilities. This includes its role in shaping the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol.
• Formation of Coalitions: India has successfully formed alliances like the Green Group and BASIC Group to represent developing countries'' interests.
• G-20 and GPAI Engagements: India has pushed for fair access to AI resources and equitable sharing of AI benefits in these forums.

4. India''s Strategic Role in AI Governance

India''s position as a significant Global South country offers unique advantages:

• Advocacy for Fairness: India should ensure that discussions on AI governance include considerations of equity, accessibility, and fairness.
• UN Platform Utilization: The UN provides a universal and inclusive platform to advance Global South interests. India can leverage this to advocate for equitable access to AI technology and inclusive institutional mechanisms.
• Redefining the Multi-Stakeholder Model: India can push for a more inclusive model that actively includes voices from marginalized and under-represented groups, including smaller NGOs and SMEs.

5. Addressing Global Disparities and Challenges

India must address the disparities between developed and developing countries:

• Infrastructure and Resources: Developed countries have advanced resources, while developing countries often lack basic infrastructure, internet access, and electricity essential for AI advancements.
• Localised Understanding: India''s approach should address these specific challenges to avoid ineffective global AI policies that exacerbate existing inequalities.

6. Conclusion

India''s historical legacy, strategic diplomacy, and advocacy for Global South interests position it well to lead discussions on AI governance. By actively engaging at the UN and other international fora, India can help shape a balanced, inclusive, and equitable digital future.