1. The 58th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1987 is related to
(a) The setting up of joint administrative tribunal (JAT) for two or more states.
(b) The provision with respect to an authoritative text of the Constitution in the Hindi language.
(c) The Rights and Liabilities of the Government.
(d) The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT).
2. Consider the following statements:
1. The Constitution grants immunity to the ministers for their official acts only.
2. Unlike the ministers in Britain, ministers in India are not required to countersign the official acts of the president and the governors.
3. The ministers can be sued for crimes as well as torts in the ordinary courts like common citizens.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
3.Which of the following describes the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) correctly?
(a) Altitude of 20,000 km above the sea level and the orbital period is 12 hours.
(b) Altitude of 35,863 km above the sea level and the orbital period is 24 hours.
(c) Altitude of 400 km above the sea level and the orbital period is 90 minutes.
(d) None of the above
4. When a language is declared as 'classical language', it
1. gets financial assistance from the Union Government.
2. gets listed in the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
5. Which of the following terms has/have been defined/specified in the Constitution?
1. Scheduled Caste
2. Scheduled Tribes
3. Anglo-Indian community
(a) 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answers
1. (b)
The 58th Constitutional Amendment Act of 19871. This amendment inserted a new Article 394-A in the last part of the Constitution i.e., Part XXII2. This article contains the following provisions:
1. The President shall cause to be published under his authority:
The translation of the Constitution in Hindi language. The modifications which are necessary to bring it in conformity with the language, style and terminology adopted in the authoritative texts of the Central Acts in Hindi can be made in it. All the amendments of the Constitution made before such publication should be incorporated in it.
The translation in Hindi of every amendment of the constitution made in English.
2. The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be construed to have the same meaning as the original text in English. If any difficulty arises in this matter, the President shall cause the Hindi text to be revised suitably.
3. The translation of the Constitution and its every amendment published shall be deemed to be, for all purposes, its authoritative text in Hindi.
2. (c)
Statement 1 is incorrect. The Constitution does not grant any immunity to the ministers for their official acts.
Statement 2 is correct. The ministers are not required to countersign (as in Britain) the official acts of the president and the governors, they are not liable in the courts for those acts5. Moreover, they are not liable for the official acts done by the president and the governors on their advice as the courts are debarred from inquiring into such advice.
Statement 3 is correct. The ministers do not enjoy any immunity for their personal acts, and can be sued for crimes as well as torts in the ordinary courts like common citizens.
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3. (b)
At a height of 35863 km, it takes 24 hours for the satellite to orbit. This type of orbit is known as a geosynchronous orbit, i.e. it is synchronized with the Earth.
4. (a)
Statement 1 is correct. Once a language is declared classical, it gets financial assistance for setting up a centre of excellence for the study of that language and also opens up an avenue for two major awards for scholars of eminence. Besides, the University Grants Commission can be requested to create – to begin with at least in Central Universities – a certain number of professional chairs for classical languages for scholars of eminence in the language.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Once a language is declared classical, it does not get listed in the 8th schedule of the Constitution.
5. (a)
The Constitution has defined the persons who belong to the Anglo-Indian community.
The Constitution does not specify the castes or tribes which are to be called the SCs or the STs. It leaves to the President the power to specify as to what castes or tribes in each state and union territory are to be treated as the SCs and STs. Thus, the lists of the SCs or STs vary from state to state and union territory to union territory.
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