Jan 2nd, 2022 - Daily Quiz
1. Consider the following statements regarding HCFCs :
1. They have high Global Warming Potential.
2. The Kigali Amendment aims for the phase-down of hydrochloro-fluorocarbons (HCFCs) by cutting their production and consumption.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
2. Consider following statements with reference to Astrosat.
1. Astrosat is India’s first multi wavelength space telescope.
2. Its objective is to estimate magnetic fields of neutron stars.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
3. W.r.t. collegium system, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Appointment of Supreme Court and High Court judges is done by the President in consultation with a collegium of CJI and 4 senior most judges of Supreme Court.
2. Transfer of judges of High Court is done by the President in consultation with a collegium of 4 senior most judges of Supreme Court and the Chief Justices of the 2 high courts.
3. The present collegium system has its genesis in Three Judges case.
4. The recommendation made by the Chief Justice of India for appointment of judges without consulting with collegium, is binding on the government.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
4. 1. They are the most abundant particles in the world.
2. The only ways they interact is through gravity and the weak force.
3. They come in different types and can be thought of in terms of flavors, masses and energies.
Which of the Statements given above is/are correct w.r.t. Neutrinos?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
5. Juneteenth Independence Day marks end of slavery in
(a) USA
(b) Myanmar
(c) Britain
(d) Sri Lanka
Answers
1- A
HCFCs also contribute to Global Warming (through “the Greenhouse Effect”). They have a powerful warming effect (a very high “Global Warming Potential”).
The Kigali Amendment aims for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), not HCFCs, by cutting their production and consumption.
India has successfully achieved the complete phase out of hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)- 141 b. It is a chemical used by foam manufacturers.
Nearly, 50% of the consumption of ozone depleting chemicals in the country was attributable to HCFC-141 b in the foam sector.
The phase out of HCFC-141b from the country has twin environmental benefits, viz, assisting the healing of the stratospheric ozone layer, and towards climate change mitigation due to transitioning of foam manufacturing enterprises at this scale under HPMP to low global warming potential alternative technologies.
The complete phase out of HCFC 141 b from the country in the foam sector is among the first at this scale in Article 5 parties (developing countries) under the Montreal Protocol.
https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-decides-to-ratify-kigali-amendment-to-montreal-protocol-7460521/#:~:text=India%20on%20Wednesday%20said%20it,facilitate%20the%20HFC%20phase%2Ddown.
2 - C
Astrosat is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at studying celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.
Astrosat with a lift off mass of 1515 kg was launched on 2015 September by PSLV-C30 with an expected mission life of 5 years.
Its objective is to estimate magnetic fields of neutron stars, understanding energy processes in binary star systems and star birth regions.
https://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/astrosat
3- B
The Supreme Court collegium is headed by the Chief Justice of India and comprises four other senior most judges of the court. A High Court collegium is led by its Chief Justice and four other senior most judges of that court.
Transfer of judges of High Court is done by the President in consultation with a collegium of 4 senior most judges of Supreme Court and the Chief Justices of the 2 high courts.
The Collegium of judges is the Supreme Court’s invention. It does not figure in the Constitution, which says judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the President and speaks of a process of consultation.It was introduced in Second Judges Case and evolved in Third Judges Case.
The ‘First Judges Case’ (1981) ruled that the “consultation” with the CJI in the matter of appointments must be full and effective.
The Second Judges Case (1993) introduced the Collegium system, holding that “consultation” really meant “concurrence”. It added that it was not the CJI’s individual opinion, but an institutional opinion formed in consultation with the two senior-most judges in the Supreme Court. More about it:
The Supreme Court, in the Third Judges Case (1998) expanded the Collegium to a five-member body, comprising the CJI and four of his senior-most colleagues.
The recommendation made by the Chief Justice of India for appointment of judges without consulting with collegium, is NOT binding on the government
However, The collegium sends its recommendation to the Government for approval. The government can either accept it or reject it. In the case it is rejected, the recommendation comes back to the collegium. If the collegium reiterates its recommendation to the government, then it is bound by that recommendation.
Source:https://indianexpress.com/article/india/collegium-recommends-nine-names-supreme-court-judges-7460247/#:~:text=While%20CJI%20Ramana%20is%20set,B%20R%20Gavai%20and%20Surya%20Kant.
4 - B
Statement 1 is incorrect. They are the second most abundant particle in the universe (after particles of light called photons).
Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The only ways they interact is through gravity and the weak force. They come in different types and can be thought of in terms of flavors, masses and energies.
https://neutrinos.fnal.gov/whats-a-neutrino/
5-A
Juneteenth Independence Day, sometimes seen in news, marks end of slavery in USA.
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