Main objectives of Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP). (UPSC CSE Mains 2015 - Sociology, Paper 2).
The Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) is a significant initiative in India aimed at promoting the socio-economic development of tribal communities, who are often marginalized and face various challenges. It is a strategy that focuses on allocating a proportionate share of the budget for the welfare and development of tribal populations. This response will outline the main objectives of the Tribal Sub-Plan in India, offering detailed insights and examples where applicable.
Main Objectives of Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP):
- Eradication of Poverty:TSP''s primary objective is to reduce poverty among tribal communities. It seeks to ensure that tribal households have access to basic amenities, livelihood opportunities, and a decent standard of living. For example, various poverty alleviation programs under TSP aim to provide employment and income generation opportunities to tribal populations.
- Education and Literacy:One of the key goals of TSP is to improve educational outcomes among tribal children. It aims to increase enrollment, reduce drop-out rates, and enhance the quality of education in tribal areas. For instance, the establishment of Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) is a part of this objective, providing quality education to tribal students.
- Healthcare and Nutrition:TSP places a strong emphasis on healthcare and nutrition, aiming to reduce health disparities among tribal communities. This includes the provision of better healthcare facilities, immunization programs, and nutrition support through schemes like the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).
- Infrastructure Development:TSP focuses on creating essential infrastructure in tribal areas, such as roads, bridges, and drinking water supply, to improve connectivity and living conditions. For example, the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) ensures road connectivity to tribal villages, enhancing accessibility.
- Land and Resource Rights:Ensuring land and resource rights for tribal communities is a crucial objective. TSP aims to protect tribal land from encroachments and provide secure land titles to tribal individuals and communities. The Forest Rights Act, 2006, is a significant legal framework that supports this objective.
- Capacity Building:TSP seeks to empower tribal communities by enhancing their skills, knowledge, and capacity to participate in the development process. This includes training in agriculture, entrepreneurship, and sustainable livelihoods. For instance, the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) provides skill development training to tribal youth.
- Preservation of Culture and Heritage:Recognizing the rich cultural diversity of tribal communities, TSP promotes the preservation of their cultural heritage and traditions. It supports initiatives that document, promote, and celebrate tribal art, music, and folklore.
The Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) in India plays a pivotal role in addressing the socio-economic disparities faced by tribal communities. Its objectives encompass poverty reduction, education, healthcare, infrastructure development, land rights, capacity building, and cultural preservation. By effectively implementing these objectives, the TSP contributes to the holistic development and empowerment of tribal populations, ensuring that they too benefit from India''s progress and growth. However, continuous monitoring and evaluation are essential to ensure that the objectives of TSP are met and that tribal communities experience tangible improvements in their quality of life.
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