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The changing global order and ongoing regional conflicts, with the global powers taking sides, have jeopardised the progress made towards disarmament in the past. Comment. 10 Marks. (UPSC CSE Mains 2024- Political Science and International Relations, Paper 2)
The global nuclear order is increasingly defined by regional contestations, necessitating comprehensive diplomatic strategies that address global and local dimensions of nuclear risk.
- China's nuclear modernisation, driven by its broader geopolitical ambitions, influences India''s strategic calculus. India, perceiving a dual threat from both China and Pakistan, has pursued a credible minimum deterrent strategy, investing in a triad of nuclear delivery systems and advanced missile defence capabilities. This has spurred a corresponding response from Pakistan, which has developed a full spectrum deterrence posture, encompassing tactical nuclear weapons to counter India''s conventional military superiority.
- Russia's strategic doctrine underscores the employment of nuclear weapons as a deterrent against NATO''s military presence and potential encroachments. This posture encompasses the deployment of tactical nuclear weapons in Europe and the modernisation of its strategic nuclear forces, reflecting a broader effort to sustain regional dominance and strategic parity with the US.
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- The Middle Eastern nuclear power struggle is primarily between Israel and Iran, profoundly influencing regional stability. Israel''s policy of “nuclear opacity”, serves as a strategic deterrent in an otherwise hostile neighbourhood.
- North Korea''s nuclear ambitions have been a focal point of regional instability in East Asia. The threat of a nuclear-armed North Korea has prompted strong geopolitical contestations primarily from the US, Japan, and South Korea. These nations have employed a mix of diplomatic negotiations, economic sanctions, and military deterrence to curb Pyongyang''s nuclear advancements.
Acknowledging this intricate interplay between regional conflicts and the overarching nuclear framework is paramount for devising a comprehensive strategy that adeptly manages and stabilises the evolving nuclear landscape.
POSTED ON 12-02-2025 BY ADMIN
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