OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)

 OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) is a flat light emitting technology, made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. OLED display offer improved image quality– better contrast, higher brightness, fuller viewing angle, a wider colour range and much faster refresh rates and lower power consumption over an LED display.

1. Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is a newer display technology for mobiles and monitors. It consists of an organic layer sandwiched between two conducting sheets (an Anode and a cathode) with a glass plate the top and bottom.
2. The carbon-based organic material emits electro-luminescent light when electricity is applied across the two conducting sheets.
3. The panel is much thinner as it does not require backlight and filters. OLEDs are superior in their exceptional colour reproduction, fast response times, higher brightness and extremely light weight designs.

Uses of an OLED

1. Lighting Applications: OLED lighting has the illumination of higher quality, varied panel shapes, and better-diffused light sources. This is used for lightning purposes.
2. Mobile Phones: OLEDare used in mobile phones.In mobile phone AMOLED technology is used in screens which has better colours and contrast.
3. Television Sets: Major giants in the industry pushing the use of OLED in television sets. OLEDs have advantages such as they include thin, low cost displays with a low driving voltage, wide viewing angle and high contrast and colour gamut.
4. Fashion Industry: OLED technology is also used in the fashion industry, the automotive sector, production of cameras, and video games.

Drawbacks of OLEDs

1. OLED displays don''t last as long: degradation of the organic molecules meant that early versions of OLEDs tended to wear out around four times faster than conventional LCDs or LED displays.
2. Some OLEDs are moisture sensitive.
3. Higher power consumption (when viewing brighter colors)
4. Prolonged exposure to UV light can damage OLED.

OLED has come a long way and is expected to be the mainstream display technology, usurping LEDs and LCDs in the future. However, research is still required to address some of the drawbacks of the technology.

MicroLEDs

• MicroLEDs are self-illuminating diodes that have brighter and better colour reproduction than Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display technology.
  • MicroLED technology is based on the use of sapphires,which are known for their ability to shine on their own indefinitely.
    • The technology involves the use of tiny light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are packed tightly togetherto create a bright and high-quality display.
  • Unlike OLED displays, microLED displays use inorganic materialsuch as gallium nitride.
  • A microLED is assmall as cutting a centimetre of hair into 200 smaller pieces. Each of these microLEDs are semiconductors that receive electric signals.
    • Once these microLEDs are gathered, they form a module.Several modules are then combined to form screens.

How is microLED better than OLED?

• Brightness is not only important to determine how good a picture is, but it''s also crucial for HDR effectiveness of content. MicroLED has a contrast ratio of 1,000,000:1 and can illuminate far brighter than OLED displays (which is up to 30 times brighter). However, OLED panels are improving, yet the peak brightness levels in these panels are limited compared to other LED panels like -- Samsung’s QLED panels. This is possible due to the inorganic material (gallium nitride) that is used in microLED displays.
• This material enables the individual RGB LED sources to go brighter for a longer period. The organic material in OLED panels diminishes if the screen is too bright for too long. On the contrary, inorganic materials have a longer overall lifespan.

Benefits

• Brighter screens with better colour reproduction and viewing angles.
• Limitless scalability,as microLED displays are resolution-free, bezel-free, ratio-free, and even size-free.
• The ability to freely resize the screen in any form for practical usage.
• Self-emissive microLEDs that individually produce red, green, and blue colours without needing backlighting or colour filters.

Challenges

• Manufacturing Complexity:The process of manufacturing microLEDs is highly complex, and it requires precise control over many variables to produce high-quality displays.
• Cost:The cost of manufacturing microLED displays is currently very high, and it may take some time for the technology to become affordable enough for widespread adoption.
• Power Consumption: MicroLEDs require a lot of powerto operate, which can make them less energy-efficient than other display technologies.